With regard to current consumption, CO2 emissions and maintenance costs, LEDs offer huge potential for savings - without making any reductions in light quality. When the longer service life is taken into account, the overall balance is clearly positive, even if the procurement costs are comparatively higher than conventional incandescent lamps. Depending on the system solution, clever technical solutions can reduce power costs by up to 80%.
LEDs are very efficient when compared to standard lights such as incandescent lamps or halogen lamps. Whilst incandescent lamps offer efficiency of a good 10 lm/W, and halogen lamp around 20 lm/W, the efficiency of white LEDs is between 70 and 100 lm/W (depending on the type and light color). Fluorescent lamps have an efficiency of 70-90 lm/W. In the laboratory, the efficiencies of LEDs are over 140 lm/W. Depending on the type, the power consumption is only 0.1 to 15 W. This means: Even small LEDs can provide powerful lighting.
However, a sound efficiency comparison is only meaningful in a complete, functioning system, as the efficiency of electronics and optics also have a decisive role to play here. In addition to that, standardization committees take system efficiencies into consideration, as a detached observation is not sufficient.
Whilst a white incandescent lamp converts only five percent of the input energy into light, with LEDs, this value has already reached around 35 percent. In the case of colored light, the ratio of 0.5 to 40 percent comes down even more in favor of LEDs. And whilst the incandescent lamp has reached the end of its development, this is certainly not the case for the LED. There is still the potential to increase efficacy, in order to make LEDs even more efficient light sources than they are today.
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